How Modem Works?

How Modem Works?

When a modem first makes a connection, you will hear screeching sounds coming from the modem. These are digital signals coming from the computer to which you are connecting being modulated into audible sounds. The modem sends a higher-pitched tone to represent the digit I and a lower-pitched tone to represent the digit 0.

At the other end of your modem connection, the computer attached to its modem reverses this process. The receiving modem demodulates the various tones into digital signals and sends them to the receiving computer.

Actually, the process is a bit more complicated than sending and receiving signals in one direction and then another. Modems simultaneously send and receive signals in small chunks. The modems can tell incoming from outgoing data signals by the type of standard tones they use.

Another part of the translation process involves transmission integrity. The modems exchange an added mathematical code along the way. This special code, called a checksum, lets both computers know if the data segments are coming through properly.

If the mathematical sums do not match, the modems communicate with each other by resending the missing segments of data. Modems also have special circuitry that allows them to compress digital signals before modulating them and then decompressing them after demoduating the signals. The compression/decompression process compacts the data so that it can travel along telephone lines more efficiently.

Modems convert analog data transmitted over phone lines into digital data computers can read; they also convert digital data into analog data so it can be transmitted. This process involves modulating and demodulating the computer’s digital signals into analog signals that travel over the telephone lines.

In other words, the modem translates computer data into the language used by telephones and then reverses the process to translate the responding data back into computer language.

What is the difference between digital and analog signals?

A computer performs its tasks by turning on and off a series of electronic switches represented by the numerical digits of 0 and 1. A 0 is the code for off, and a 1 is the code for on. Combinations of these digital codes represent text, computer commands, and graphics inside the computer. By comparison, the telephone works by sending sounds in a continuous analog signal sent along an electronic current that varies in frequency and strength.